Marinades and Rubs
Marinades are seasoned liquid mixtures which adds flavor and in some cases tenderizes beef. Marinades are commonly used with thin cuts, such as steaks.
Some useful tips about marinating are:
A flavoring marinade is used with tender beef cuts for a short time — 15 minutes to 2 hours is enough to add flavor
A tenderizing marinade is used with less tender beef cuts — usually from the Chuck, Round, Flank and Plate and contains a food acid or a tenderizing enzyme
o Acidic ingredients include lemon or lime juice, vinegar, Italian dressing, salsa, yogurt or wine
o Tenderizing enzymes are present in fresh ginger, pineapple, papaya, kiwi and figs
Less tender steaks should be marinated at least 6 hours, but no more than 24 hours.
Longer than 24 hours will result in a mushy texture
Tenderizing marinades penetrate about 1/4 inch into the beef
Marinate in a food-safe plastic bag or in a nonreactive glass or stainless steel container in the refrigerator
Turn beef occasionally to allow even exposure to the marinade
Allow 1/4 to 1/2 cup of marinade for each 1 to 2 pounds of beef
Always marinate in the refrigerator, never at room temperature
Never save and reuse a marinade
If a marinade will be used later for basting, or served as a sauce, reserve a portion of it before adding the beef. Marinade that has been in contact with uncooked beef must be brought to a full rolling boil for at least one minute before it can be used as a sauce.
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Rubs
Dry rubs consist of herbs, spices and other dry seasonings
A rub is a mixture of seasonings pressed on to the surface of meats BEFORE cooking.
Commonly used on roasts, steaks, chops and patties
Paste-type rubs are dry seasonings held together with small amounts of wet ingredients, such as oil, crushed garlic, mustard, soy sauce,Worcestershire sauce and horseradish
Rubs add flavor and form a delicious crust
Rubs can be applied just before cooking. For more pronounced flavor, apply rub and refrigerate for several hours or overnight
Grilling Tips
Determining doneness
Grill most steaks to medium rare (145°F) to medium (160°F) doneness for best results.
[Grill steaks from the round to medium rare (145°F). Do not overcook.]
Determine doneness with an instant-read thermometer or make a small slit near the bone (or center of boneless steak) and check the color.
At medium rare, beef will be pink in the center and slightly brown toward the exterior.
Grilling Safety Tips
Wash hands well in hot soapy water before and after handling meat and other fresh foods.
Cook beef to its proper internal temperature
Ground Beef 160°F
Steaks 145°F to 160°F
Do not reuse plates or utensils that were used for raw meats without washing in hot soapy water first.
Refrigerate leftovers promptly after serving (within 2 hours after cooking).
3 Simple Steps to Direct Grilling Beef Steaks & Burgers
Prepare grill (charcoal or gas) according to manufacturer’s directions for medium heat.
2.Season beef (directly from the refrigerator) with herbs or spices, as desired. Place on cooking grid.
3.Grill according to chart, turning occasionally. After cooking, season beef with salt, if desired.
3 Simple Steps to Direct Grilling Beef Roasts
Prepare grill (charcoal or gas) according to manufacturer’s directions for medium heat.
1.Season beef (directly from refrigerator) with herbs or spices, as desired. Place on cooking grid.
2.Cover with grill lid and grill over medium heat for time indicated in chart or until thickest part of roast reaches internal temperature as specified, turning occasionally. Transfer roast to carving board; tent loosely with aluminum foil.
Let roast stand 10 minutes. (Temperature will continue to rise about 5°F to reach desired doneness and roast will be easier to carve.)
Favorites for the Grill
Special Steakhouse Favorites
Tenderloin Steak-Porterhouse/T-Bone Steaks-Strip Steak-Strip Filet-Ribeye Steak-Ribeye Filet-Rib Steak-Flat Iron Steak
Everyday Steak Favorites
Top Sirloin Steak-Top Sirloin Filet-Flank Steak-Top Round Steak-Eye of Round Steak-Shoulder Steak-Ranch Steak-Petite Tender Medallions-Chuck Eye Steak Denver Steak-Sirloin Tip Center Steak-Western Griller Steak-Skirt Steak
Roast Favorites
Tenderloin Roast-Eye of Round Roast-Tri-Tip Roast-Petite Tender Roast
Other Grill Favorites
Ground Beef Patties-Kabobs-Back Ribs-Short Ribs
Beef Grades
Choice is the most widely available beef grade, and these steaks grill up juicy and delicious.
Because Select steaks have less marbling, they tend to be a bit less tender, juicy and flavorful.
Serving Size
Two (3-ounce) cooked, trimmed servings of beef equal the USDA’s recommended daily serving for meats.
Usually one steak is equal to one serving.
More generous-sized steaks can weigh 6 to 8 ounces uncooked so one of these steaks may be an entire recommended daily amount for meat.
(Remember: 4 ounces boneless raw beef usually yields 3 ounces cooked, trimmed beef.)
Grilling Guidelines:
For charcoal grilling, when coals are medium, ash-covered (approximately 30 minutes), spread in single layer and check cooking temperature.
Position cooking grid.
To check temperature, cautiously hold the palm of your hand above the coals at cooking height.
Count the number of seconds you can hold your hand in that position before the heat forces you to pull it away; approximately 4 seconds for medium heat.
For gas grilling, gas grill brands vary greatly and grilling times may need to be adjusted. Consult owner’s manual for specific grilling information.
Trim visible fat before grilling to help prevent flare-ups.
If food is grilled over too high heat, the exterior can become overcooked or charred before the interior reaches the desired doneness.
Charring is not recommended.
*Remove from grill when internal temperature(s) reaches 135°F for medium rare; 150°F for medium doneness.
Let stand 5 minutes.
**Remove from grill when internal temperature(s) reaches 140°F for medium rare; 155°F for medium doneness. Let stand 5 minutes.
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Beef Grilling Guidelines
Note: Chart was developed using Weber Genesis Gas Grill.
PRIMAL CUT THICKNESS CHARCOAL GAS
CHUCK |
Chuck Eye Steak, boneless |
¾ inch |
9 to 11 minutes |
9 to 12 minutes |
||
1 inch |
12 to 14 minutes |
13 to 17 minutes |
||||
Top Blade Steak, boneless |
¾ inch |
6 to 9 minutes |
6 to 9 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
9 to 13 minutes |
10 to 13 minutes |
||||
Flat Iron Steak |
8-oz each |
10 to 14 minutes |
12 to 16 minutes |
|||
Shoulder Steak, boneless (marinate) |
3/4 inch |
8 to 12 minutes |
9 to 12 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
12 to 17 minutes |
15 to 19 minutes |
||||
Ranch Steak |
3/4 inch |
8 to 11 minutes |
8 to 11 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
11 to 14 minutes |
12 to 16 minutes |
||||
Petite Tender Roast |
8 to 12-oz each * |
14 to 18 minutes |
14 to 19 minutes |
|||
Denver Steak |
1/2 inch |
4 to 7 minutes |
5 to 8 minutes |
|||
3/4 inch |
7 to 10 minutes |
8 to 11 minutes |
||||
1 inch |
10 to 14 minutes |
12 to 17 minutes |
||||
RIB |
Rib Steak, small end |
3/4 inch |
7 to 10 minutes |
7 to 10 minutes |
||
1 inch |
10 to 15 minutes |
10 to 15 minutes |
||||
1-1/2 inches ** |
19 to 24 minutes |
20 to 25 minutes |
||||
Ribeye Steak |
3/4 inch7 to 10 minutes |
7 to 9 minutes |
||||
1 inch |
10 to 14 minutes |
9 to 14 minutes |
||||
1-1/2 inches ** |
16 to 20 minutes |
15 to 19 minutes |
||||
LOIN
|
Porterhouse/T-Bone Steak |
3/4 inch |
8 to 11 minutes |
9 to 13 minutes |
||
1 inch |
11 to 16 minutes |
15 to 19 minutes |
||||
1-1/2 inches ** |
19 to 24 minutes |
20 to 25 minutes |
||||
Strip Steak, boneless |
3/4 inch |
7 to 10 minutes |
7 to 10 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
11 to 14 minutes |
11 to 15 minutes |
||||
Tenderloin Steak |
3/4 inch |
7 to 10 minutes |
7 to 10 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
10 to 14 minutes |
11 to 15 minutes |
||||
1-1/2 inches ** |
14 to 18 minutes |
16 to 20 minutes |
||||
SIRLOIN
|
Top Sirloin Steak, boneless |
3/4 inch |
7 to 11 minutes |
8 to 13 minutes |
||
1 inch |
11 to 15 minutes |
13 to 16 minutes |
||||
1-1/2 inches * |
22 to 26 minutes |
24 to 30 minutes |
||||
Tri-Tip Steak |
3/4 inch |
8 to 10 minutes |
8 to 10 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
10 to 14 minutes |
10 to 14 minutes |
||||
ROUND |
Sirloin Tip Center Steak |
3/4 inch |
8 to 9 minutes |
8 to 11 minutes |
||
1 inch |
11 to 13 minutes |
13 to 15 minutes |
||||
Sirloin Tip Side Steak (marinate) |
3/4 inch |
9 to 11 minutes |
7 to 9 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
12 to 14 minutes |
13 to 14 minutes |
||||
Western Steak |
3/4 inch |
8 to 10 minutes |
11 to 14 minutes |
|||
1 inch (marinate) |
12 to 15 minutes |
15 to 17 minutes |
||||
1-1/4 inches |
18 to 20 minutes |
18 to 20 minutes |
||||
Top Round Steak (marinate) |
3/4 inch |
10 to 11 minutes |
10 to 11 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
12 to 14 minutes |
16 to 19 minutes |
||||
1-1/2 inches |
20 to 23 minutes |
20 to 23 minutes |
||||
Eye of Round Steak (marinate) |
3/4 inch |
10 to 12 minutes |
10 to 12 minutes |
|||
1 inch |
13 to 15 minutes |
17 to 19 minutes |
||||
PLATE & FLANK
|
Skirt Steak (marinate) |
1 to 1-1/2 pounds |
7 to 12 minutes
|
8 to 12 minutes
|
||
Flank Steak (marinate) |
1-1/2 to 2 pounds |
11 to 16 minutes |
16 to 21 minutes |
|||
OTHER |
Ground Beef Patties-Cook to Medium Doneness (160 degrees F) |
1/2 inch (4-oz each) |
8 to 10 minutes |
7 to 9 minutes |
||
3/4 inch (6-oz each) |
11 to 15 minutes |
13 to 14 minutes |
||||
Kabobs, beef only |
1 x 1-1/4 inches (1 pound) |
5 to 7 minutes |
7 to 9 minutes |
|||